{"id":12014,"date":"2021-08-24T08:11:18","date_gmt":"2021-08-24T08:11:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/duct.harsle.com\/?p=12014"},"modified":"2024-03-04T08:16:55","modified_gmt":"2024-03-04T08:16:55","slug":"how-to-make-the-ventilation-duct","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/duct.harsle.com\/pt\/how-to-make-the-ventilation-duct\/","title":{"rendered":"Como fazer o duto de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"

O duto de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 um duto de metal ou composto usado na engenharia de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o e ar condicionado de edif\u00edcios industriais e civis. \u00c9 uma infraestrutura municipal para circula\u00e7\u00e3o de ar e redu\u00e7\u00e3o da concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de gases nocivos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Existem muitos tipos de materiais e usos, e a forma \u00e9 dividida principalmente em um quadrado duto de tubo de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a> and circular ventilation duct. When it comes to metal square ventilation ducts, the most common and commonly used are galvanized sheet ventilation ducts and stainless steel ventilation ducts. Ventilation Duct<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dentre eles, devido ao seu baixo custo de material e baixa dificuldade de processamento, a faixa de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do tubo de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o em chapa galvanizada \u00e9 muito maior do que o tubo de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o em a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel. \u00c9 tamb\u00e9m o tubo de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o mais comum, amplamente utilizado em instala\u00e7\u00f5es de exaust\u00e3o e ventila\u00e7\u00e3o de fuma\u00e7a de v\u00e1rias infraestruturas municipais. Por outro lado, para o tubo de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o em a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel, devido \u00e0 maior resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o da chapa de a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel, haver\u00e1 um maior grau de deforma\u00e7\u00e3o rebote durante o processamento, resultando no dobro da dificuldade de processamento. No entanto, devido \u00e0s caracter\u00edsticas espec\u00edficas de n\u00e3o ferrugem da chapa de a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel, os dutos de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o de a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel ser\u00e3o utilizados em locais de alta exig\u00eancia, como a coifa de cozinha, que envolve locais limpos e sanit\u00e1rios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Although the shape of the ventilation duct looks very simple, its internal structure and processing process are very complex. It is not so easy to make a completely formed ventilation duct. In the beginning, science and technology were not so developed, and industrial technology was still in a relatively backward stage. The ventilation pipes were made by pure manual processing methods, combined with some simple machines for the production of ventilation pipes. The efficiency was very low, and the beauty of the air pipes was not high. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Then, with the development and progress of human society, the gradual improvement of the level of science and technology, the rapid development of creativity in industrial manufacturing, and the invention and popularization of various one-time molding machines, the efficiency of ventilation duct production and manufacture has been greatly improved, time and money have been saved, The finished ventilation duct also has high quality and beautiful appearance. Here, we will briefly discuss the key points and manufacturing process of the ventilation duct, which can be divided into manual ventilation duct process and automatic ventilation duct production process. Ventilation Duct<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Duto
<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pontos-chave da fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de dutos de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. The plate shall be provided with a material certificate, and the appearance inspection must be flat, smooth, free of scratch and zinc layer peeling, and meet the design requirements, otherwise, it shall not be used. Ventilation Duct<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Before processing, remove the oil stain on the plate, and do one touch, two wipes, and three checks to ensure that the oil stain is completely removed. Ventilation Duct<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. In the process of processing, in order to prevent the iron sheet from being scratched and worn, damaging the zinc layer, or contaminated with dust, a 3mm thick rubber plate is paved on the flat cement floor, and the blanking is carried out on the rubber plate. Ventilation Duct<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. When cutting, undercutting, splicing, folding, and transporting sheet materials, the storage rack or four-wheel trolley shall be used to receive and transfer the materials, and shall not touch the ground and drag; Semi-finished products are stacked on the platform with a rubber plate. Ventilation Duct<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Key points of flange processing control: the profile must meet the high-quality standard and shall not be rusted, skinned, or pitted; The flatness of the flange welding joint shall not be greater than 0.5mm, the rivets must be galvanized, the rivet spacing shall not be greater than 100mm (screw hole spacing shall not be greater than 12mm), the hole spacing shall be accurate and interchangeable; Welding slag, welding spatter and floating rust shall be completely removed; Apply anti-rust primer with strong adhesion for two times, and there shall be no paint dripping in screw holes and corners. Ventilation Duct<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. For the combination of semi-finished products of inner pipes, components, and accessories, the dirt at the site shall be removed first. After the combination riveting, the gaps and holes shall be blocked with glue or tin. The flanging width is consistent, greater than 7mm, and the screw hole is not covered; The flatness is less than 1mm. The finished products shall be stored horizontally by category, and attention shall be paid to protect the paint from wear; For the air duct to be reinforced, the stiffener is only allowed to be set on the outer wall. Ventilation Duct<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. The air duct, components, and accessories shall be manufactured in the form of a single bite, corner bite, joint bite, etc. Ventilation Duct<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8. When making the air duct, the material shall be cut according to the plate to minimize the joints. The specific provisions are as follows: there shall be no joints within 800mm of the bottom edge width of the rectangular air duct, there shall be only one joint within 800mm-1000mm, and there can be two joints within 2400mm. Transverse splicing is prohibited for all the above dimensions, and the ratio of the long side to the short side of the rectangular air duct shall not be greater than 4:1; The butt joint shall be of a single flat type. Pay attention to placing the flat surface of the butt joint on the inner wall of the pipe without reversal during the corner butt joint; The flexible short pipe shall be made of a soft rubber plate or high-quality artificial leather. The inner wall shall be smooth, the longitudinal joint shall be glued smoothly, and there shall be no holes or glue leakage gaps. Ventilation Duct<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  9. Cleaning of air duct: the cleaning of the air duct is particularly important. Generally, the galvanized steel plate has not been decreased, and the surface of the steel plate is coated with a large amount of grease. If it is not cleaned, it will be contaminated with dust during transportation, installation, and subsequent operation. During long-term use, it may lead to dust accumulation and flying, resulting in a sudden increase in the dust concentration in the air in front of the filter, This has a very adverse impact on the use of high-efficiency filters. Cleaning is mainly dust removal and degreasing. Clean water or pure water plus neutral cleaning agent shall be used for dust removal, and trichloroethylene or industrial alcohol shall be used for degreasing. Cleaning sequence: clean with clean water or pure water, wash with a neutral cleaning agent, use trichloroethylene or industrial alcohol decreasing water or pure water to wash clean cloth, scrub white silk cloth for inspection (it is qualified if it does not change color). The qualified air duct shall be sealed with plastic film immediately. Ventilation Duct<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  10. After the air duct is processed and manufactured, it shall be carefully and comprehensively inspected. After passing the handover inspection and acceptance, it shall be sealed with high-quality flexible plastic film. The sealing part shall be tightly bound with adhesive tape, and then stacked by category. Ventilation Duct<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \"Como
    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Instru\u00e7\u00f5es de processamento do duto de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    According to the design requirements, to ensure the construction quality and facilitate the on-site supervision and inspection, a small air duct processing workshop needs to be arranged on-site. Before the fabrication of the air duct, the selected galvanized sheet shall be free of rust spots, and the galvanized layer after folding and biting shall be free of peeling; The undercut of processed air duct and pipe fittings shall not crack, and the riveted flange shall not have missing riveting and rivet falling off; The angle steel flange shall be evenly applied with oil, and there shall be no transparent hole at the air outlet mouth installed on the tee, cross, elbow, and round pipe. The flange mouth shall be square, the angle steel shall not collapse or bend, the outer joint of flange flanging shall not have double layers, and the switches of various valves shall be flexible. Ventilation Duct<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Medidas T\u00e9cnicas de Constru\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    In order to ensure the processing quality of the air duct, according to the design requirements and relevant provisions of national construction acceptance specifications, the construction processes are described as follows: Ventilation Duct<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1. Fluxo do processo de fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o do duto de ar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Desenhe o esbo\u00e7o de processamento do duto de ar, selecione a placa de a\u00e7o galvanizado de alta qualidade (com certificado), execute a cunhagem, corte, produ\u00e7\u00e3o de rebaixamento, dobra, conforma\u00e7\u00e3o, rebitagem do flange, conforma\u00e7\u00e3o do flange e inspe\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2. Flange manufacturing process: Ventilation Duct<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Endireitamento, estampagem, fura\u00e7\u00e3o de rebites, conforma\u00e7\u00e3o por soldagem, fura\u00e7\u00e3o de parafusos e pintura de cantoneiras de a\u00e7o e cantoneiras de ferro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    3. Thickness table of galvanized steel sheet for ventilation system Ventilation Duct<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Comprimento B \uff08mm\uff09<\/td>Espessura B \uff08mm\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
    B\u2264630 mm<\/td>0,6 mm<\/td><\/tr>
    630 mm \uff1c B\u22641000 mm<\/td>08 mm<\/td><\/tr>
    1000 mm \uff1c B\u22642000 mm<\/td>1,0 mm<\/td><\/tr>
    2.000 mm \uff1c B<\/td>1,2 mm<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    4. Especifica\u00e7\u00e3o do flange e parafuso do duto de ar retangular met\u00e1lico (mm)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Comprimento do duto B<\/td>Especifica\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00e2ngulo de a\u00e7o<\/td>Especifica\u00e7\u00e3o do parafuso<\/td><\/tr>
    B\u2264630<\/td>25*3<\/td>M6<\/td><\/tr>
    630 \uff1c B\u22641500<\/td>30*3<\/td>M8<\/td><\/tr>
    1500 \uff1c B\u22642500<\/td>40*4<\/td>M8<\/td><\/tr>
    2500 \uff1c B\u22644000<\/td>50*5<\/td>M10<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    5. O lado comprido do duto de ar retangular \u00e9 maior que 630 mm ou o comprimento do lado do duto de ar de isolamento t\u00e9rmico \u00e9 maior que 800 mm, o comprimento da se\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 maior que 1250 mm ou a \u00e1rea plana de um lado \u00e9 maior que 1,2 m. Os refor\u00e7os s\u00e3o colocados ao longo do centro do tubo para refor\u00e7o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    6. Certifique-se de que a estanqueidade do duto de ar atende aos requisitos das especifica\u00e7\u00f5es de aceita\u00e7\u00e3o de projeto e constru\u00e7\u00e3o. De acordo com a experi\u00eancia anterior em constru\u00e7\u00e3o, nossa empresa se concentra nos seguintes problemas de n\u00f3s na Constru\u00e7\u00e3o: A. junta cortada por baixo; B. Intervalo durante a conex\u00e3o da interface do duto de ar; C. Loopholes (orif\u00edcios de canto morto) durante a rebitagem e flange do flange; D. Rebites de flanges e barras de refor\u00e7o; E. Colis\u00e3o anormal, ruptura e perfura\u00e7\u00e3o do duto de ar. O item e pode ser evitado na constru\u00e7\u00e3o, tanto quanto poss\u00edvel. Quando isso acontecer, usaremos o m\u00e9todo de solda por solda para remediar. Os outros quatro itens de constru\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o inevit\u00e1veis. Durante a constru\u00e7\u00e3o, preveniremos e remediaremos adicionando 1 * 10 tira de borracha ou selante KS na junta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Desenhe o diagrama de decomposi\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o de acordo com os desenhos de projeto e a medi\u00e7\u00e3o real no local, formule o plano de processamento e fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o do duto de ar e pe\u00e7as de acordo com o progresso da constru\u00e7\u00e3o, prepare a lista detalhada e a lista de fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o e envie-os para a oficina de fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o para implementa\u00e7\u00e3o. O fornecedor de dutos de ar selecionado \u00e9 obrigado a fornecer dutos de ar para o projeto com qualidade e quantidade de acordo com o plano de produ\u00e7\u00e3o previsto. Durante o processo de produ\u00e7\u00e3o, os engenheiros profissionais precisam ser enviados para a linha de produ\u00e7\u00e3o para inspe\u00e7\u00e3o de amostra de processo e controle de processo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"Como
    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Tecnologia de processamento de duto de ar met\u00e1lico<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • Corte de placas<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Durante o corte, a marca\u00e7\u00e3o deve ser verificada novamente para evitar desperd\u00edcio devido ao apagamento. Ap\u00f3s o corte, o corte da placa deve ser limpo, reto e liso. O corte pode ser realizado com ferramentas manuais ou m\u00e1quinas de corte de chapas de acordo com as condi\u00e7\u00f5es de constru\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • Conex\u00e3o de Chapas Met\u00e1licas<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Tubos de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o e acess\u00f3rios feitos de folha de metal podem ser conectados entre as placas por conex\u00e3o de mordida, conex\u00e3o de rebite e soldagem de acordo com a espessura das placas e requisitos de projeto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Conex\u00e3o Undercut<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Em engenharia de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o e ar condicionado, a conex\u00e3o de mordida \u00e9 o m\u00e9todo de conex\u00e3o mais comumente usado e simples, que \u00e9 geralmente aplic\u00e1vel a chapa de a\u00e7o comum e chapa de a\u00e7o galvanizado com espessura inferior a 1,2 mm e folha de alum\u00ednio com espessura inferior a 1,5 mm; Chapa de a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel com espessura inferior a 0,8mm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Tipo de mordida: de acordo com a estrutura da junta de placa de a\u00e7o, \u00e9 dividida em mordida \u00fanica, mordida dupla, mordida instant\u00e2nea, mordida angular combinada e mordida de canto; De acordo com o formato da junta em chapa de a\u00e7o, ela \u00e9 dividida em mordida plana e mordida vertical; De acordo com a posi\u00e7\u00e3o da junta da placa de a\u00e7o, ela \u00e9 dividida em mordida longitudinal e mordida transversal<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Largura de mordida e toler\u00e2ncia: a largura de mordida \u00e9 determinada pela espessura da placa dos acess\u00f3rios de tubos e o desempenho da m\u00e1quina de mordida. De modo geral, a toler\u00e2ncia de mordida para mordida plana \u00fanica, mordida vertical \u00fanica e mordida de canto \u00fanico \u00e9 igual a tr\u00eas vezes a largura da mordida. A quantidade reservada de \u00e2ngulo de mordida da articula\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 igual a quatro vezes a largura da mordida, e a mordida deve ser deixada em ambos os lados de acordo com as necessidades da mordida. Processamento de rebaixamento: o processo de processamento da conex\u00e3o de rebaixamento da placa, principalmente dobra e compacta\u00e7\u00e3o por mordida. A qualidade da bainha deve garantir a firmeza e a firmeza da junta recortada, e a largura da bainha deve ser consistente. Plano ou rebaixo deve ser fechado e prensado em tempo real, e n\u00e3o deve haver nenhum fen\u00f4meno como metade rebaixo e costura de tens\u00e3o. O processamento do rebaixamento pode ser realizado manualmente ou mecanicamente. O rebaixo processado manualmente est\u00e1 sujeito a fen\u00f4menos como costura de rebaixo solta, grau de dobramento inconsistente, meio corte inferior ou costura aberta, o que \u00e9 demorado e n\u00e3o pode garantir a qualidade. Por isso, nossa empresa adota o processamento mec\u00e2nico, o que economiza dinheiro e melhora a efici\u00eancia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • Conex\u00e3o de rebite<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            A rebitagem entre placas \u00e9 geralmente usada em projetos de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o e ar condicionado quando os requisitos de design ou a espessura da placa de a\u00e7o galvanizado excede o desempenho de processamento do maquin\u00e1rio rebaixado. A rebitagem n\u00e3o \u00e9 usada apenas para a conex\u00e3o entre as placas, mas tamb\u00e9m para a conex\u00e3o entre o duto de ar e o flange. Antes da rebitagem, o di\u00e2metro do rebite, o comprimento do rebite e o espa\u00e7amento entre os rebites devem ser selecionados de acordo com a espessura da placa. Di\u00e2metro do rebite d = 2 S (s \u00e9 a espessura da placa) mas n\u00e3o inferior a 3 mm; Comprimento do rebite L = 2 S + 1,5 D. O espa\u00e7amento entre os rebites \u00e9 geralmente de 40-100 mm. Quando os requisitos de estanqueidade s\u00e3o altos, o espa\u00e7amento deve ser menor. A dist\u00e2ncia do centro do furo do rebite at\u00e9 a borda da placa B = (3-4) d. Durante a rebitagem, o centro do rebite deve estar perpendicular \u00e0 superf\u00edcie da placa, a tampa do rebite deve comprimir a placa para fazer a junta da placa fechar e os rebites devem ser dispostos ordenadamente. A rebitagem da placa pode ser rebitagem manual e rebitagem mec\u00e2nica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n